Angle Collisions

[james2464]

It might get a little hairy with all the lines but according to ball location you'd only have to check one line, maybe?

Here is study with a ball and angled paddle, uses LineIntersectCircle code:

Code: (Select All)

_Title "Angle Paddle Test, mouse wheel down is clockwise" 'b+ started 2020-03-08  from _vince idea
Const xmax = 800, ymax = 600, xc = 400, yc = 300
Dim Shared P, P2, Pd2
P = _Pi: P2 = 2 * P: Pd2 = P / 2
Screen _NewImage(xmax, ymax, 32)
_Delay .2 'need time for screen to load before attempting to move it.
_ScreenMove _Middle
Randomize Timer

bx = xc: by = yc: br = 20: bs = 5: ba = _D2R(60)
mr = 50: ma = 0
While _KeyDown(27) = 0

    Line (0, 0)-(xmax, ymax), &H10000000, BF
    bdx = bs * Cos(ba): bdy = bs * Sin(ba)
    Locate 1, 1: Print "ma"; _R2D(ma) \ 1; "  ba"; _R2D(ba) \ 1

    bx = bx + bdx
    If bx < br Then bx = br: bdx = -bdx
    If bx > xmax - br Then bx = xmax - br: bdx = -bdx

    by = by + bdy
    If by < br Then by = br: bdy = -bdy
    If by > ymax - br Then by = ymax - br: bdy = -bdy

    ba = _Atan2(bdy, bdx)

    While _MouseInput '                                            paddle
        ma = ma + _MouseWheel * P2 / 72 '5 degrees change
    Wend
    mx = _MouseX: my = _MouseY
    mx1 = mx + mr * Cos(ma)
    my1 = my + mr * Sin(ma)
    mx2 = mx + mr * Cos(ma + P)
    my2 = my + mr * Sin(ma + P)
    Line (mx1, my1)-(mx2, my2), &HFFFF8800
    'draw a handle to track the side the ball is on
    hx1 = mx + br * Cos(ma + Pd2): hy1 = my + br * Sin(ma + Pd2)
    hx2 = mx + br * Cos(ma - Pd2): hy2 = my + br * Sin(ma - Pd2)
    d1 = _Hypot(hx1 - bx, hy1 - by): d2 = _Hypot(hx2 - bx, hy2 - by)

    If d1 < d2 Then
        Line (hx2, hy2)-(mx, my), &HFFFF8800
        paddleNormal = _Atan2(my - hy2, mx - hx2)
    Else
        Line (hx1, hy1)-(mx, my), &HFFFF8800
        paddleNormal = _Atan2(my - hy1, mx - hx1)
    End If

    tx = -99: ty = -99
    dist = _Hypot(bx - mx, by - my) '                             collision?
    If dist < br + mr Then '                                     centers close enough
        contacts = lineIntersectCircle%(mx1, my1, mx2, my2, bx, by, br, ix1, iy1, ix2, iy2)
        If contacts Then Print "Contact"; contacts ': _DELAY .5 'OK so far
        If contacts = 1 Then 'just touched (or passed through)
            If _Hypot(ix1 - mx, iy1 - my) < br Then tx = ix1: ty = iy1
        ElseIf contacts = 2 Then
            'contact point would have been in middle of 2 points
            tx = (ix1 + ix2) / 2: ty = (iy1 + iy2) / 2
        End If
        If tx > 0 Then ' rebound ball
            Circle (tx, ty), 2 'show contact point

            'relocate bx, by
            bx = tx + br * Cos(paddleNormal) 'this is where the ball would be at contact
            by = ty + br * Sin(paddleNormal)

            'find the angle of reflection
            ba = _Atan2(bdy, bdx)
            aReflect = Abs(paddleNormal - ba) 'apparently I have to flip the next clac by PI
            If ba < paddleNormal Then ba = paddleNormal + aReflect + P Else ba = paddleNormal - aReflect + P

        End If
    End If
    Circle (bx, by), br 'ball
    _Display
    _Limit 60
Wend


' return 0 no Intersect, 1 = tangent 1 point touch, 2 = 2 point intersect
Function lineIntersectCircle% (lx1, ly1, lx2, ly2, cx, cy, r, ix1, iy1, ix2, iy2)

    'needs    SUB slopeYintersect (X1, Y1, X2, Y2, slope, Yintercept)

    If lx1 <> lx2 Then
        slopeYintersect lx1, ly1, lx2, ly2, m, Y0 ' Y0 otherwise know as y Intersect

        ' https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/228841/how-do-i-calculate-the-intersections-of-a-straight-line-and-a-circle
        A = m ^ 2 + 1
        B = 2 * (m * Y0 - m * cy - cx)
        C = cy ^ 2 - r ^ 2 + cx ^ 2 - 2 * Y0 * cy + Y0 ^ 2
        D = B ^ 2 - 4 * A * C 'telling part of Quadratic formula = 0 then circle is tangent  or > 0 then 2 intersect points
        If D < 0 Then ' no intersection
            ix1 = -999: iy1 = -999: ix2 = -999: iy2 = -999: lineIntersectCircle% = 0
        ElseIf D = 0 Then ' one point tangent
            x1 = (-B + Sqr(D)) / (2 * A)
            y1 = m * x1 + Y0
            ix1 = x1: iy1 = y1: ix2 = -999: iy2 = -999: lineIntersectCircle% = 1
        Else '2 points
            x1 = (-B + Sqr(D)) / (2 * A): y1 = m * x1 + Y0
            x2 = (-B - Sqr(D)) / (2 * A): y2 = m * x2 + Y0
            ix1 = x1: iy1 = y1: ix2 = x2: iy2 = y2: lineIntersectCircle% = 2
        End If
    Else 'vertical line
        If r = Abs(lx1 - cx) Then ' tangent
            ix1 = lx1: iy1 = cy: ix2 = -999: iy2 = -999: lineIntersectCircle% = 1
        ElseIf r < Abs(lx1 - cx) Then 'no intersect
            ix1 = -999: iy1 = -999: ix2 = -999: iy2 = -999: lineIntersectCircle% = 0
        Else '2 point intersect
            ydist = Sqr(r ^ 2 - (lx1 - cx) ^ 2)
            ix1 = lx1: iy1 = cy + ydist: ix2 = lx1: iy2 = cy - ydist: lineIntersectCircle% = 2
        End If
    End If
End Function

Sub slopeYintersect (X1, Y1, X2, Y2, slope, Yintercept) ' fix for when x1 = x2
    slope = (Y2 - Y1) / (X2 - X1)
    Yintercept = slope * (0 - X1) + Y1
End Sub

PS I am not using vectors formally and physics might not be perfect but looks OK to me.

Update: just discovered glitch when paddle is 270 degrees, probably dividing by 0 somewhere.

Thanks, I'll study this code!

In the meantime I've found a bit of vector basics help:  https://youtu.be/sXKiAKn0WCM

And I had bookmarked this earlier:  http://www.3dkingdoms.com/weekly/weekly.php?a=2

(My problem is I don't understand this stuff...)