You are doing an amazing and fabulous job bringing new life to QB64 by editing QB64 Phoenix Edition.
But just a suggestion/question: why continue to call it QB64 when simply QBPE would seem more appropriate and accurate to me?
Moreover, as I’ve read all the threads that talk about the various misadventures of the end of the QB64 project as such, calling this new fork by its new name including the name of its executable would:
on the one hand avoid any new potential conflict with the alleged ‘’CEO’’,
and on the other hand would also allow QBPE and QB64 to coexist on the same machine.
Moreover, this would avoid any possible future confusion for the users.
On my Linux boxes I did a test by changing only one line (line #90 EXE ?= qbpe) in the makefile and the two coexist very well, each in its own directory.
Does anyone have any QB64 / QuickBasic / QBasic code to generate a WAV file, specifying various sound synthesis parameters like waveform (sine, triangle, square, sawtooth, white noise, etc.), ADSR (attack / decay / sustain / release), as well as pitch/frequency and volume, (bonus would be generating a stereo sound file, controlling the pan position), and then play back 2 or more of the sound files simultaneously?
Also it would be useful to append one WAV file to the end of another.
This would be useful for sound effects for games as well as music applications.
I've found the WAV file specification (still digesting) but it is a little daunting!
This simple little demo shows how to take advantage of qb64 to implement "mixed mode graphics" in an otherwise text mode program. It uses a tiny graphics buffer to print pixels as characters in regular text mode.
There is also a means provided to use any graphics commands you wish and output that as regular text.
No silly trek animation this time, this is serious stuff. ;-)
Code: (Select All)
'text draw
'mixed mode screen 0
'"draw" with ascii characters in screen mode 0
'
Dim Shared dspace& 'this is the drawing space/canvas that allows mixed mode graphics routines to function
Randomize Timer
Screen 0
Dim Shared stwd, stht 'screen text width , screen text height
stwd = 80: stht = 50 'you can change these to the other appropriate sizes the demo wouldn't display the same however
Width stwd, stht
dspace& = _NewImage(stwd + 1, stht + 1, 256) 'this is tiny keep that in mind when writign to it directly
Color 4, 3
Tdraw "rect 1,1,80,3", "@"
Color 15, 0
Locate 2, 2: Print "Text Draw"
Locate 5, 2: Print "This is a text screen set to a width of 80 and height of 50"
Locate 7, 2: Print " Tdraw is a sub that allows you to do mixed-mode graphics."
Locate 9, 2: Print "Here's a circle (limited by text size of course)"
Tdraw "circle 40,25,10", "*"
Color 18, 0
Locate 40, 2: Print "Press any key to continue"
Do
_Limit 60
A$ = InKey$
Loop Until A$ <> ""
A$ = ""
Color 15, 0
Locate 9, 2: Print "Redrew the circle with a new character and color attributes"
Color 21, 2
Tdraw "circle 40,25,10", "."
Color 18, 0
Locate 40, 2: Print "Press any key to continue"
Do
_Limit 60
A$ = InKey$
Loop Until A$ <> ""
A$ = ""
Cls
Color 7, 2
Tdraw "rect 1,1,80,3", "@"
Color 15, 0
Locate 2, 2: Print "Text Draw"
Locate 5, 2: Print "This is a text screen set to a width of 80 and height of 50"
Locate 7, 2: Print " Tdraw is a sub that allows you to do mixed-mode graphics."
Locate 9, 2: Print "Here's a Rectangle"
Color 15, 0
Tdraw "rect 11,11,40,30", Chr$(178)
Color 18, 0
Locate 40, 2: Print "Press any key to continue"
Do
_Limit 60
A$ = InKey$
Loop Until A$ <> ""
A$ = ""
Color 15, 0
Locate 9, 2: Print "We just filled it."
Color 8, 0
Tdraw "fbox 12,12,39,29", Chr$(178)
Color 15, 0
Locate 9, 2: Print "Now a line of '+' was added "
Color 5, 0
Tdraw "line 12,12,39,29", "+"
Do
_Limit 60
A$ = InKey$
Loop Until A$ <> ""
A$ = ""
Cls
Color 27, 0
Tdraw "rect 1,1,80,3", "@"
Color 15, 0
Locate 2, 2: Print "Text Draw"
Locate 5, 2: Print "This is a text screen set to a width of 80 and height of 50"
Locate 7, 2: Print " Tdraw is a sub that allows you to do mixed-mode graphics."
Locate 9, 2: Print "the standard Draw command can be used."
Color 15, 0
Locate 1, 25
Tdraw "draw bm1,25r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5r3u5r3d5", "*"
Locate 40, 1: Print "You can use any drawing command ..."
Do
_Limit 60
A$ = InKey$
Loop Until A$ <> ""
A$ = ""
Cls
cleardraw
'using standard graphics commands
_Dest dspace& 'don't forget to set the destination to dpace& when doing this
For dot = 1 To 1000
PSet (Int(Rnd * 80), Int(Rnd * 50)), Int(Rnd * 32)
Next dot
_PrintMode _KeepBackground
Locate 1, 1: Print "GIANT TEXT"
_PrintMode _FillBackground
showdraw 1, 1, 80, 50, "#" 'this will scan and read the pixels dspace& and print them as the character defined
'showdraw resets the text and graphics control to the text screen
Color 15, 0
_Delay 2
For r = 1 To 20
_Limit 5
For x = 1 + r To 80 - r
For y = 0 + r To 51 - r
showdraw x, y, 80 - x, 50 - y, Chr$(33 + r)
Next y
Next x
Next r
Cls
_Delay 0.5
Color 4, 3
Tdraw "rect 1,1,80,3", "@"
Color 15, 0
Locate 2, 2: Print " Text Draw"
Locate 5, 2: Print "In Summary"
Locate 7, 2: Print "This is a text screen set to a width of 80 and height of 50"
Locate 9, 2: Print " Tdraw is a sub that allows you to do mixed-mode graphics."
Locate 11, 2: Print "Tdraw " + Chr$(34) + "circle 10,10,4" + Chr$(34) + "," + Chr$(34) + "#" + Chr$(34) + " 'draws a circle at 10,10 to radius 4"
Locate 13, 2: Print "Tdraw " + Chr$(34) + "line 2,2,35,10" + Chr$(34) + "," + Chr$(34) + "#" + Chr$(34) + " 'draws a line form 2,2 to 35,10"
Locate 15, 2: Print "Tdraw " + Chr$(34) + "rect 2,2,35,10" + Chr$(34) + "," + Chr$(34) + "#" + Chr$(34) + " 'draws an unfilled rectangle from 2,2 to 35,10"
Locate 17, 2: Print "Tdraw " + Chr$(34) + "fbox 2,2,35,10" + Chr$(34) + "," + Chr$(34) + "#" + Chr$(34) + " 'draws an filled rectangle from 2,2 to 35,10"
Locate 19, 2: Print "Tdraw " + Chr$(34) + "draw r4u2r4" + Chr$(34) + "," + Chr$(34) + "#" + Chr$(34) + "' allows use of the normal draw command, drawing r4u2r4 in the example here"
Locate 21, 2: Print "Tdraw " + Chr$(34) + "Pset 20,20" + Chr$(34) + "," + Chr$(34) + "*" + Chr$(34) + "'puts the character * at coordiate x,y"
Locate 23, 2: Print "To use standard graphic commands use '_dest dspace&' to draw in the graphical layer directly"
Locate 25, 2: Print "Showdraw 1,1,80,50," + Chr$(34) + "*" + Chr$(34) + "' renders dspace& to the screen for 1 to 80 by 1 to 50 using character * to show the results of writign directly to dspace&"
Locate 27, 2: Print "cleardraw 'cls in dspace& and returning graphics/text output to screen 0 in one command"
Sub Tdraw (dd$, c$)
'let's draw that text
'dd$ is the command c$ is the output character
'"circle x,y,r" "rect x1,y1,x2,y2" "line x1,y1,x2,y2" "fbox x1,y1,x2,y2" "draw <string>" "pset x,y" all valid to tdraw
dd$ = LCase$(dd$)
If Left$(dd$, 6) = "circle" Then
ch = 6
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma1 = ch - 1
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma2 = ch - 1
For ch = 7 To comma1
ta1$ = ta1$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma1 + 2 To comma2
ta2$ = ta2$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma2 + 2 To Len(dd$)
ta3$ = ta3$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
tc1 = Val(ta1$)
tc2 = Val(ta2$)
tc3 = Val(ta3$)
_Dest dspace&
Cls
Circle (tc1, tc2), tc3, 15
_Source dspace&
_Dest 0
For x = 1 To stwd
For y = 1 To stht
tk = Point(x, y)
If tk > 0 Then
Locate y, x 'i still want to move the cursor positon
_PrintString (x, y), c$ ' using printstring so the screen doesn't scroll for text graphics
End If
Next y
Next x
_Source 0
End If
If Left$(dd$, 4) = "line" Then
ch = 4
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma1 = ch - 1
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma2 = ch - 1
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma3 = ch - 1
For ch = 5 To comma1
ta1$ = ta1$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma1 + 2 To comma2
ta2$ = ta2$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma2 + 2 To comma3
ta3$ = ta3$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma3 + 2 To Len(dd$)
ta4$ = ta4$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
tc1 = Val(ta1$)
tc2 = Val(ta2$)
tc3 = Val(ta3$)
tc4 = Val(ta4$)
_Dest dspace&
Cls
Line (tc1, tc2)-(tc3, tc4), 15
_Source dspace&
_Dest 0
For x = 1 To stwd
For y = 1 To stht
tk = Point(x, y)
If tk > 0 Then
Locate y, x
_PrintString (x, y), c$ ' using printstring so the screen doesn't scroll for text graphics
End If
Next y
Next x
_Source 0
End If
If Left$(dd$, 4) = "rect" Then
ch = 4
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma1 = ch - 1
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma2 = ch - 1
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma3 = ch - 1
For ch = 5 To comma1
ta1$ = ta1$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma1 + 2 To comma2
ta2$ = ta2$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma2 + 2 To comma3
ta3$ = ta3$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma3 + 2 To Len(dd$)
ta4$ = ta4$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
tc1 = Val(ta1$)
tc2 = Val(ta2$)
tc3 = Val(ta3$)
tc4 = Val(ta4$)
_Dest dspace&
Cls
Line (tc1, tc2)-(tc3, tc4), 15, B
_Source dspace&
_Dest 0
For x = 1 To stwd
For y = 1 To stht
tk = Point(x, y)
If tk > 0 Then
Locate y, x
_PrintString (x, y), c$ ' using printstring so the screen doesn't scroll for text graphics
End If
Next y
Next x
_Source 0
End If
If Left$(dd$, 4) = "fbox" Then
ch = 4
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma1 = ch - 1
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma2 = ch - 1
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma3 = ch - 1
For ch = 5 To comma1
ta1$ = ta1$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma1 + 2 To comma2
ta2$ = ta2$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma2 + 2 To comma3
ta3$ = ta3$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma3 + 2 To Len(dd$)
ta4$ = ta4$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
tc1 = Val(ta1$)
tc2 = Val(ta2$)
tc3 = Val(ta3$)
tc4 = Val(ta4$)
_Dest dspace&
Cls
Line (tc1, tc2)-(tc3, tc4), 15, BF
_Source dspace&
_Dest 0
For x = 1 To stwd
For y = 1 To stht
tk = Point(x, y)
If tk > 0 Then
Locate y, x
_PrintString (x, y), c$ ' using printstring so the screen doesn't scroll for text graphics
End If
Next y
Next x
_Source 0
End If
If Left$(dd$, 4) = "draw" Then
td$ = Right$(dd$, Len(dd$) - 4)
_Dest dspace&
Cls
Draw td$
_Source dspace&
_Dest 0
For x = 0 To stwd
For y = 0 To stht
tk = Point(x, y)
If tk > 0 Then
Locate y, x
_PrintString (x, y), c$
End If
Next y
Next x
_Source 0
End If
If Left$(dd$, 4) = "pset" Then
ch = 4
Do
ch = ch + 1
A$ = Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Loop Until A$ = ","
comma1 = ch - 1
For ch = 5 To comma1
ta1$ = ta1$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
For ch = comma1 + 2 To Len(dd$)
ta2$ = ta2$ + Mid$(dd$, ch, 1)
Next ch
tc1 = Val(ta1$)
tc2 = Val(ta2$)
_Dest dspace&
Cls
PSet (tc1, tc2), 15
_Source dspace&
_Dest 0
For x = 1 To stwd
For y = 1 To stht
tk = Point(x, y)
If tk > 0 Then
Locate y, x
_PrintString (x, y), c$ ' using printstring so the screen doesn't scroll for text graphics
End If
Next y
Next x
_Source 0
End If
End Sub
Sub cleardraw
'clear dspace& and reset output to text screen"
_Dest dspace&
Cls
_Dest 0
End Sub
Sub showdraw (x1, y1, x2, y2, c$)
'render from x1,y1 to x2,y2 from dspace& to the textscreen using c$ as the displayed character
_Source dspace&
_Dest 0
If x1 < 1 Then x1 = 1
If y1 < 1 Then x1 = 1
If y2 > stht Then y2 = stht
If x2 > stwd Then x2 = stwd
For x = x1 To x2
For y = y1 To y2
tk = Point(x, y)
Color tk, 0
Locate y, x
_PrintString (x, y), c$ ' using printstring so the screen doesn't scroll for text graphics
Next y
Next x
_Source 0
End Sub
I have a short subroutine that takes a path and removes the quotes if the path is enclosed in quotes. It then removes any trailing backslash from the path if one exists.
I was getting some unexpected results, so into debug mode I went to find the problem. As I step through the code one line at a time, I find this problem:
As soon as I execute the line that reads Temp$ = "" not only does Temp$ get set to "" but in that very moment Path$ also gets set to "" (an empty string). For the life of me, I cannot make sense of why this happens.
A few notes:
1) Path$ is not defined outside of this subroutine, so it is local to the subroutine only.
2) Temp$ is DIMed at the start of my program as a SHARED string, so that variable should be available globally.
I apologize for not supplying the full code. The problem is that this is a part of a program almost 15,000 lines long now.
Can anyone give me anything to look for here? I simply cannot see how changing one variable would instantly change another variable as well.
Code: (Select All)
Sub CleanPath (Path$)
' Remove quotes and trailing backslash from a path
' To use this subroutine: Pass the path to this sub, the sub will return the path
' without quotes and a trailing backslash in Temp$.
Dim x As Integer
' start by stripping the quotes
Temp$ = ""
For x = 1 To Len(Path$)
If Mid$(Path$, x, 1) <> Chr$(34) Then
Temp$ = Temp$ + Mid$(Path$, x, 1)
End If
Next x
' Remove the trailing backslash, if present
If Right$(Temp$, 1) = "\" Then
Temp$ = Left$(Temp$, (Len(Temp$) - 1))
End If
Print "Passing a numerical variable by reference:"
x = 1
Test1 x
Print "Value of x after subroutine:"; x
Print
Print "Passing a numerical variable by value:"
x = 1
Test1 (x)
Print "Value of x after subroutine:"; x
Print
Print "Passing a string variable by reference:"
a$ = "String1"
Test2 a$
Print "Value of a$ after subroutine:"; a$
Print
Print "Passing a string variable by value:"
a$ = "String1"
Test2 (a$)
Print "Value of a$ after subroutine:"; a$
End
Sub Test1 (y As Integer)
y = y + 1
End Sub
Sub Test2 (b As String)
b$ = b$ + " and string 2"
End Sub
This code has 4 main sections:
Section 1: We set as variable "x" to 1 and pass it to a subroutine by reference to the variable "y". The subroutine adds one to the value of y. As expected, when we come out of the subroutine we find that the original variable "x" is now equal to 2.
Section 2: We set as variable "x" to 1 and pass it to a subroutine by value to the variable "y". The subroutine adds one to the value of y. As expected, when we come out of the subroutine we find that the original variable "x" is unchanged because we passed the variable by value rather than by reference.
But what about strings?
In section 3 and 4, I'm doing the same thing but with a string. I pass it to a subroutine both by reference and by value but in both cases the original string variable is changed.
Is this expected behavior? Is it possible to pass a string variable without affecting the original?
I know that I could work around it by assigning the variable to another variable within the subroutine like this:
Code: (Select All)
Sub Test2 (b As String)
dim c as string
c$=b$
c$ = c$ + " and string 2"
End Sub
This way, I'm not modifying the original string. I just wanted to make sure I'm not missing something obvious.
In a world where high resolution graphics dominate the microcomputing industry and hobby programming it only seemed fitting to develop a display mode that was certainly not high-res.
Blockmode uses 4 traditional character codes to create graphics along with 256 colors in a massive display of low-res splendor of 160 x 98(ish) boxels. With block printing that allows 26 characters per line of text on 12 whole lines !
It's a marvel of mixed mode graphics that I couldn't think of a better name for.
I'd like to thank dcromley for developing and sharing microfont, without his contribution you might be seeing less block letters in the demo.
Code: (Select All)
'blockmodedemo
'lower-res graphics demo fun
'by James D. Jarvis
' uses microfont by dcromley
Dim Shared drawspace&, s&
drawspace& = _NewImage(161, 100, 256)
s& = _NewImage(1280, 1600, 256)
Screen s&
_FullScreen
_Scrolllock On
Randomize Timer
Dim Shared blk$(0 To 3), BSCR_klr, BSCR_bkg, Bgrid(160, 100, 3)
Dim Shared bfont$
Dim Shared b96$
blk$(0) = " ": blk$(1) = Chr$(176): blk$(2) = Chr$(177): blk$(3) = Chr$(178)
BSCR_klr = 15: BSCR_bkg = 0
Const bgblk = 1, bgklr = 2, bgbkg = 8
bstart
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
If y Mod 2 > 0 Then
If x Mod 2 > 0 Then
BSET x, y, 2, 3, 0
Else
BSET x, y, 1, 3, 9
End If
Else
If x Mod 2 > 0 Then
BSET x, y, 1, 3, 9
Else
BSET x, y, 2, 3, 0
End If
End If
Next y
Next x
drawblocks 1, 160, 1, 98
bat 1, 1, "BLOCKMODE"
bat 1, 2, "160 x 98 bloxels"
bat 1, 3, "Block Print 26 c by 12 r "
bat 1, 4, "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
bat 1, 5, "Can use draw commands"
blat 80, 50, " ", 15, 0
bdraw "r5d7l5u7"
bdraw "br7c11r5d1c7l5d1c8r5"
bcircle 50, 60, 9, 5
barc 50, 60, 9, 12, 0, 360
bat 1, 11, "press any key"
Do
_Limit 60
A$ = InKey$
Loop Until A$ <> ""
'oh yeah ...
Cls
bat 1, 1, "To Boldy Block"
_Delay 0.3
bat 1, 2, "Where No Block"
_Delay 0.3
bat 1, 3, "Has Blocked Before"
_Delay 0.3
For x = 1 To 30
_Limit 10
blat 1, 99, " ", 15, 0
Next x
_Dest drawspace&
Cls
_Dest s&
For px = 1 To 22
_Limit 20
_Dest drawspace&: Cls
_Dest s&: Cls
drawplayership px, 50
_Display
Next px
For kx = 160 To 100 Step -1
_Limit 20
_Dest drawspace&: Cls
_Dest s&: Cls
drawplayership px, 50
drawkremulan kx, 60, 180
If kx < 140 Then
drawkremulan kx + 20, 70, 180
End If
If kx < 120 Then
drawkremulan kx + 40, 50, 180
End If
_Display
Next kx
bat 1, 1, "This Is Capt. Peek"
_Delay 0.5
_Display
bat 1, 2, " We"
_Delay 0.6
_Display
bat 5, 2, "Come"
_Delay 0.7
_Display
bat 10, 2, "In"
_Delay 0.8
_Display
bat 13, 4, "Peace"
_Display
_Delay 2
BSCR_klr = 6: BSCR_bkg = 0
bat 5, 2, "More FEDERATION LIES !"
_Display
_Delay 0.5
bat 5, 3, "The Real Question is "
_Display
_Delay 0.2
bat 6, 4, "To Block,": bat 7, 5, " Or Not To Block!"
_Display
_Delay 0.4
BSCR_klr = 15: BSCR_bkg = 0
bat 1, 11, "press any key..."
_Display
Do
A$ = InKey$
Loop Until A$ <> ""
_Dest drawspace&: Cls
_Dest s&: Cls
drawplayership px, 50
drawkremulan kx, 60, 180
drawkremulan kx + 20, 70, 180
drawkremulan kx + 40, 50, 180
_Display
kbx1 = kx - 4: kby1 = 60
kbx2 = kx + 16: kby2 = 70
kbx3 = kx + 36: kby3 = 50
fbx1 = px + 4: fby1 = 48
fbx2 = px + 4: fby2 = 52
For n = 1 To 100
_Limit 20
_Dest drawspace&: Cls
_Dest s&: Cls
If n > 60 Then px = px + 1
If n < 90 Then drawkremulan kx, 60, 180
drawkremulan kx + 20, 70, 180
If n < 95 Then drawkremulan kx + 40, 50, 180
drawplayership px, 50
If n < 20 Then
' blat kbx1 - n, 6, blk$(1), 4, 8
dburst kbx1 - n * 3, kby1 - (n * .8), 2, 4
End If
If n > 23 And n < 44 Then
' blat kbx1 - n, 6, blk$(1), 4, 8
dburst fbx1 + (n - 23) * 3, fby1 + n / 8, 2, 11
End If
If n > 25 And n < 46 Then
' blat kbx1 - n, 6, blk$(1), 4, 8
dburst fbx2 + (n - 25) * 3, fby2 + n / 10, 2, 11
End If
If n > 15 And n < 30 Then
dburst kbx2 - n * 3, kby2 - (n * .8), 2, 4
End If
If n > 12 And n < 27 Then
dburst kbx3 - n * 3, kby3 + (n * .8), 2, 4
End If
If n > 25 And n < 45 Then
dburst kbx3 - n * 3, kby3 + (n * .8), 2, 4
End If
If n > 52 And n < 90 Then
_Dest drawspace&
Select Case Int(Rnd * 8)
Case 0:
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx1, kby1), 11
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx3, kby3), 11
Case 1:
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx1, kby1), 11
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx2, kby2), 11
Case 2:
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx3, kby3), 11
Case 3:
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx2, kby2), 11
Case 4:
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx1, kby1), 3
Case 5:
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx1, kby1), 3
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx3, kby3), 11
Case 6:
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx3, kby3), 3
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx2, kby2), 11
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx1, kby1), 11
Case 7:
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx1, kby1), 11
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx2, kby2), 3
End Select
_Source drawspace&
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
b = Point(x, y)
If b > 0 Then
_Dest s&
blat x, y, blk$(3), b, b
End If
Next y
Next x
If n > 65 And n < 90 Then
dburst kbx1, kby1, Int(Rnd * 4) + 2, 12
If Int(Rnd * 9) < 7 Then dburst kbx1 + Int(Rnd * 4) + 2, kby1, Int(Rnd * 5), 14
If Int(Rnd * 9) < 7 Then dburst kbx1 + Int(Rnd * 6) + 2, kby1, Int(Rnd * 4), 4
End If
If n > 69 And n < 95 Then
dburst kbx2, kby2, Int(Rnd * 4) + 2, 12
If Int(Rnd * 9) < 7 And n < 93 Then dburst kbx2 + Int(Rnd * 4) + 2, kby2, Int(Rnd * 5), 14
If Int(Rnd * 9) < 7 Then dburst kbx2 + Int(Rnd * 6) + 2, kby2, Int(Rnd * 4), 4
End If
If n > 70 Then
dburst kbx3, kby3, Int(Rnd * 4) + 2, 12
If Int(Rnd * 9) < 7 And n < 98 Then dburst kbx3 + Int(Rnd * 4) + 2, kby3, Int(Rnd * 5), 14
If Int(Rnd * 9) < 7 Then dburst kbx3 + Int(Rnd * 6) + 2, kby3, Int(Rnd * 4), 4
End If
If n > 80 Then kx1 = kx1 + 2
If n > 90 Then kx3 = kb3 + 1
_Dest s&
End If
_Display
Next n
For n = 1 To 30
_Limit 20
_Dest drawspace&: Cls
_Dest s&: Cls
px = px + 2
drawplayership px, 50
If k < 25 Then
dburst kbx2, kby2, Int(Rnd * n) + 2, 12
If n < 23 Then drawkremulan kx + 20, 70, 180
_Dest drawspace&
Select Case Int(Rnd * 8)
Case 0:
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx2, kby2), 3
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx2, kby2), 11
Case 1:
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx2, kby2), 11
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx2, kby2), 3
Case 2:
Line (px + 1, fby1)-(kbx2, kby2), 11
Case 3:
Line (px + 1, fby2)-(kbx2, kby2), 3
End Select
_Source drawspace&
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
b = Point(x, y)
If b > 0 Then
_Dest s&
blat x, y, blk$(3), b, b
End If
Next y
Next x
End If
_Display
Next n
For n = 1 To 30
_Limit 20
_Dest drawspace&: Cls
_Dest s&: Cls
bat 1, 1, "It would seem that the"
bat 2, 2, " Kremulans decided to .."
If n > 15 Then bat 3, 3, " leave in PIECES"
px = px + 1
drawplayership px, 50
_Display
Next n
'the blockmode subs
bat 1, 11, "press any key"
_Display
A$ = ""
Do
_Limit 60
A$ = InKey$
Loop Until A$ <> ""
System
Sub bstart
For r = 1 To 30
_Limit 60
For b = 1 To 50
blat Int(Rnd * 160) + 1, Int(Rnd * 98) + 1, blk$(Int(Rnd * 4)), Int(Rnd * 16), Int(Rnd * 16)
Next b
Next r
_Delay 0.2
Cls
For r = 1 To 50
For c = 1 To 151
Bgrid(c, r, 1) = 0
Bgrid(c, r, 2) = BSCR_klr
Bgrid(c, r, 2) = BSCR_bkg
Next c
Next r
bfont$ = bfont$ + "€€€€€€€û€€€à€à€”¾”¾”ªÿª„¢„ˆ¢†¹Í²…€€ð€€€œ¢Á€€Á¢œ€ˆªœªˆˆˆ¾ˆˆ"
bfont$ = bfont$ + "€‡†€€ˆˆˆˆˆ€ƒƒ€€‚„ˆ ¾ÅÉѾ€¡ÿ¡ÃÅɱ¢ÉÉɶŒ”¤ÿ„úÉÉÉƾÉÉɦÃÄÈÐà"
bfont$ = bfont$ + "¶ÉÉɶ²ÉÉɾ€€¶€€€¶€€€ˆ”¢€€”””€€¢”ˆ€ ÀÅÈ°¾ÁÝż¿ÈÈÈ¿ÿÉÉɶ¾ÁÁÁ¢"
bfont$ = bfont$ + "ÿÁÁÁ¾ÿÉÉÉÁÿÈÈÈÀ¾ÁÁŦÿˆˆˆÿ€ÁÿÁ€‚ÁþÀÿˆ”¢Áÿÿ ÿÿ ˜„ÿ¾ÁÁÁ¾"
bfont$ = bfont$ + "ÿÄÄĸ¸ÄÄÄÿÿÈÌʱ²ÉÉɦÀÀÿÀÀþþü‚‚üþ†þÁ¶ˆ¶ÁÀ°°ÀÃÅÉÑကÿÁ€"
bfont$ = bfont$ + " ˆ„‚€Áÿ€€„ˆˆ„€Àà €‚•••þ‘‘‘ŽŽ‘‘‘‘Ž‘‘‘þŽ•••Œ€ˆ¿È ˆ•••Ž"
bfont$ = bfont$ + "ÿ€€Þ€€Þ€€ÿ„Š‘‘€€þŸŸŸˆŸŽ‘‘‘Ž’’’ŒŒ’’’Ÿˆˆˆ•••‚"
bfont$ = bfont$ + "€þ‘ž‚Ÿœ‚‚œž†ž‘Š„Š“™……‚œ‘“•™‘€ˆ¶Á€€€÷€€€Á¶ˆ€ˆˆ„ˆˆ„ˆ"
End Sub
Sub bat (bcol, brow, B$)
'print block charcters into fixed spots)
bb = 0: br = brow
For bc = 1 To Len(B$)
bb = bb + 1
If bb = 27 Then
bb = 1
br = br + 1
End If
bchar Mid$(B$, bc, 1), (bcol + bb) * 6 - 11, (br * 8) - 7
Next bc
End Sub
Sub blat (bcol, brow, B$, Bklr, Bbkg)
'color print specific blocks
Color Bklr, Bbkg
Locate brow, bcol
Print B$
Color BSCR_klr, BSCR_bkg
End Sub
Sub BSET (bcol, brow, BK, Bklr, Bbkg)
'sets characters and colors on the BGRID
Bgrid(bcol, brow, 1) = BK
Bgrid(bcol, brow, 2) = Bklr
Bgrid(bcol, brow, 3) = Bbkg
End Sub
Sub drawblocks (bc1, bc2, br1, br2)
'show the bgrid
'drawing after row 98 will scroll the screen...ooops
For bc = bc1 To bc2
For br = br1 To br2
blat bc, br, blk$(Bgrid(bc, br, bgblk)), Bgrid(bc, br, bgklr), Bgrid(bc, br, bbkg)
Next br
Next bc
End Sub
Sub bchar (bstr$, bx, by) ' ==== THIS IS a modified MicroFont ROUTINE ====
' -- prints string bstr at position ixx0 and iy0 --
ixx0 = bx
iyy0 = by + 8
Dim ipobstr, ipob96, ipos480, ix0, iy0, ix, iy, imask, ich
ix0 = ixx0 - 1: iy0 = iyy0 + 1 ' byValue
For ipobstr = 1 To Len(bstr$) ' one character at a time
ipob96 = InStr(1, b96$, Mid$(bstr$, ipobstr, 1))
If ipob96 = 0 Then ipob96 = 4 ' invalid character -> #
ipos480 = (ipob96 - 1) * 5 ' index to bfont$
For ix = 0 To 6: imask = 1 ' OxxxxxO 5 columns in character
If 1 <= ix And ix <= 5 Then ich = Asc(Mid$(bfont$, ipos480 + ix, 1))
For iy = 0 To 8 ' OxxxxxxxO 7 rows in character
If ix < 1 Or ix > 5 Or iy < 1 Or iy > 7 Then
' blat ix0 + ix, iy0 - iy, blk$(0), BSCR_klr, BSCR_bkg
Else ' choose FG or BG
If ich And imask Then ' ck bit
blat ix0 + ix, iy0 - iy, blk$(3), BSCR_klr, BSCR_klr
Else
' blat ix0 + ix, iy0 - iy, blk$(0), BSCR_klr, BSCR_bkg
End If
imask = imask + imask ' next bit in column
End If
Next iy
Next ix
ix0 = ix0 + 6 ' next char output
Next ipobstr
' could modify ix here
End Sub
Sub bdraw (BD$)
_Dest drawspace&
If LCase$(BD$) = "CLR" Then
Cls
BD$ = ""
Else
Draw BD$
End If
_Source drawspace&
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
b = Point(x, y)
If b > 0 Then
_Dest s&
blat x, y, blk$(3), b, b
End If
Next y
Next x
End Sub
Sub bcircle (xx, yy, r, klr)
'draw a circle
_Dest drawspace&
PSet (xx, yy), 0
Draw "c" + Str$(klr)
For d = 0 To 360 Step 1
Draw "ta " + Str$(d) + " r" + Str$(r) + " bl" + Str$(r)
Next d
_Source drawspace&
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
b = Point(x, y)
If b > 0 Then
_Dest s&
blat x, y, blk$(3), b, b
End If
Next y
Next x
End Sub
Sub barc (xx, yy, r, klr, arc1, arc2)
'draws an arc, will draw an unfilled circle if the arc goes from 0 to 360
_Dest drawspace&
t = Point(xx, yy)
PSet (xx, yy), t
Draw "c" + Str$(klr)
For d = arc1 To arc2 Step 1
Draw "ta " + Str$(d) + " br" + Str$(r - 1) + "r bl" + Str$(r)
Next d
_Source drawspace&
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
b = Point(x, y)
If b > 0 Then
_Dest s&
blat x, y, blk$(3), b, b
End If
Next y
Next x
End Sub
'these subs are used in the blocktrek portion of the demo
' showing how even low-res graphics can be fun
Sub drawplayership (xx, yy)
_Dest drawspace&
PSet (xx, yy), 0
Color 15
Circle (xx, yy), 5, 15
Draw " bm -10,0 r10 bm -10,-4 d8 l3 br3 bu8 l3"
sc = 10
If shieldstr < shieldmax * .8 Then sc = 2
If shieldstr < shieldmax * .6 Then sc = 14
If shieldstr < shieldmax * .4 Then sc = 12
If shieldstr < shieldmax * .2 Then sc = 4
If shieldstr > 0 Then Circle (xx, yy), 20, sc, 0, (2 * _Pi) * (shieldstr / shieldmax)
Draw "ta0"
_Source drawspace&
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
b = Point(x, y)
If b > 0 Then
_Dest s&
blat x, y, blk$(3), b, b
End If
Next y
Next x
End Sub
Sub drawkremulan (xx, yy, aa)
_Dest drawspace&
PSet (xx, yy), 0
kk = 6
Color kk
Circle (xx, yy + 2), 2, kk
Draw "ta" + Str$(aa) + "r2l1u3d6u3l10 e3 l5 r5 g3 f3 l5 "
sc = 10
If kshieldstr < kshieldmax * .8 Then sc = 2
If kshieldstr < kshieldmax * .6 Then sc = 14
If kshieldstr < kshieldmax * .4 Then sc = 12
If kshieldstr < kshieldmax * .2 Then sc = 4
If kshieldstr > 0 Then Circle (xx, yy), 20, sc, 0, (2 * _Pi) * (kshieldstr / kshieldmax)
Draw "ta0"
_Source drawspace&
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
b = Point(x, y)
If b > 0 Then
_Dest s&
blat x, y, blk$(3), b, b
End If
Next y
Next x
End Sub
Sub dburst (xx, yy, r, klr)
_Dest drawspace&
PSet (xx, yy), klr
For d = 0 To 360 Step (1 + Rnd * 10)
rv = Int(r \ 1.9 + Rnd * (r / 2))
Draw "ta " + Str$(d) + "c" + Str$(klr) + " r" + Str$(rv) + " bl" + Str$(rv)
Next d
_Source drawspace&
For x = 1 To 160
For y = 1 To 98
b = Point(x, y)
If b > 0 Then
_Dest s&
blat x, y, blk$(3), b, b
End If
Next y
Next x
Notice that the first line simply set a string and that the string contains a comma.
The second line is asking for input from a user. Start typing in a string of characters, and somewhere along the line, try to type a comma. The comma will not be accepted.
When it gets to the print statements, it prints the string of text that includes a comma, so clearly a comma is a valid character in a string. Since a comma is a valid character, an INPUT should allow a user to input a comma as part of the string.
