08-26-2023, 10:45 PM (This post was last modified: 08-26-2023, 11:14 PM by grymmjack.
Edit Reason: Added comments
)
What the hell is wrong with this. I can't figure out why the kerning and x position is messed up.
I can't figure out why the scale of 1 is showing crunchy as if it's out of proportion on x or y.
I can't figure out why I need to kludge the x position to start it with a negative offset in
''
' Free the font glyph images from memory
'
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
'
SUB F0NT.free(f() AS F0NT)
DIM AS INTEGER i, lb, ub
lb% = LBOUND(f) : ub% = UBOUND(f)
FOR i% = lb% TO ub%
_FREEIMAGE f(i%).img&
NEXT i%
END SUB
''
' Make a glyph from glyph data and store it in F0NT
'
' @param STRING c$ glyph character identifier
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
' @param STRING ARRAY glyph_data$()
' @param LONG kolor& to make glyphs
'
SUB F0NT.make_glyph(c$, f AS F0NT, glyph_data$, kolor&)
DIM AS INTEGER y, x, p, dbg
DIM s AS STRING
DIM old_dest AS LONG
' dbg% = -1
f.char$ = c$
IF dbg% THEN PRINT c$
f.img& = _NEWIMAGE(COLS, ROWS, BPP)
old_dest& = _DEST : _DEST f.img&
_CLEARCOLOR _RGB32(&H00, &H00, &H00)
FOR y% = 0 TO ROWS
FOR x% = 0 TO COLS
p% = (y% * COLS) + x% + 1
s$ = MID$(glyph_data$, p%, 1)
IF dbg% THEN
_DEST old_dest& : PRINT s$; : _DEST f.img&
END IF
IF s$ <> "." THEN
CALL PSET((x%, y%), kolor&)
END IF
NEXT x%
IF dbg% THEN
_DEST old_dest& : PRINT : _DEST f.img&
END IF
NEXT y%
IF dbg% THEN SLEEP
_DEST old_dest&
END SUB
''
' Get a glyph image from a F0NT by character identifier
'
' @param STRING c$ character identifier of glyph to get
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
' @return LONG image handle for glyph image of F0NT
'
FUNCTION F0NT.get_glyph&(c$, f() AS F0NT)
DIM AS INTEGER i, lb, ub
lb% = LBOUND(f) : ub% = UBOUND(f)
FOR i% = lb% TO ub%
IF f(i%).char$ = c$ THEN
F0NT.get_glyph& = f(i%).img&
EXIT FUNCTION
END IF
NEXT i%
END FUNCTION
''
' Print something using a F0NT
'
' @param STRING s$ what to print
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
' @param INTEGER x% position
' @param INTEGER y% position
' @param INTEGER scale% size multiplier
' @param INTEGER kerning% scaling space between characters
' @param INTEGER spacing% spaces between characters
'
SUB F0NT.print(s$, f() AS F0NT, x%, y%, scale%, kerning%, spacing%)
DIM AS INTEGER i, l, dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2, orig_x
DIM c AS STRING
DIM g AS LONG
l% = LEN(s$)
orig_x% = x%
x% = -scale% * (COLS + 1) + orig_x%
PSET (x%, y%)
FOR i% = 0 TO l%
c$ = MID$(s$, i%, 1)
g& = F0NT.get_glyph(c$, f())
_SOURCE g&
dx1% = x% + ((i% * (COLS + kerning%) * scale%)) + (i% * (spacing% * COLS))
dy1% = y%
dx2% = (COLS * scale%) + dx1%
dy2% = (ROWS * scale%) + dy1%
_PUTIMAGE (dx1%, dy1%)-(dx2%, dy2%)
NEXT i%
END SUB
is unreliable with few parameters. It's better to give it the whole compliment: the rectangle in the destination screen and the rectangle taken from the source image. Because if the source image dimensions is left out, it might try to stretch things to what is being requested for the destination, or it might not draw anything at all. I passed a lot of frustration with this statement simply by providing all of the possible parameters even if they could be obvious.
This is from a quick look at the source code. Otherwise I'm as boggled as you because with a "point size" larger than one this works fine.
Remember that "kerning" for fonts is difficult to get right. Have to try to design the font from scratch to avoid kerning problems in the first place, yet there are still problems that other people find. They could see things the font designer didn't.
08-26-2023, 11:59 PM (This post was last modified: 08-27-2023, 01:52 AM by grymmjack.
Edit Reason: mnrvovrfc helped with advice, not bplus, used to just thanking bplus lol
)
Thanks @mnrvovrfc! I will try to use the full argument list.
_PUTIMAGE
is very flexible but horribly painful sometimes to remember which how what.
08-27-2023, 01:09 AM (This post was last modified: 08-27-2023, 01:27 AM by bplus.)
For one thing:
FOR i% = 0 TO l% ' <<< Start at 1 not 0, first letter is at 1
c$ = MID$(s$, i%, 1)
For another I'd block spacing out in fitting the letter pixels in the block like one or 2 more spaces in columns and rows, that way letter blocks can go next to each other without another variable calculation like the 8x16 default font does. eg 2 more spaces on right and below letter pixels. I am lost trying to figure out what that kerning thing is.
BTW I don't see a need to spec source for _Putimage, the destination block is sufficient.
(08-26-2023, 11:59 PM)grymmjack Wrote: thanks @bplus I will try to use the full argument list.
_PUTIMAGE
is very flexible but horribly painful sometimes to remember which how what.
When I started thinking about it like this...:
_PUTIMAGE TO_IMAGE_XY, FROM_IMAGE, TO_IMAGE, FROM_IMAGE_XY (or simply _PUTIMAGE TO, FROM, TO, FROM)
...I started remembering how to use and form it much better and faster. The 1st and 3rd parameters relate to the same image and the 2nd and 4th parameters also relate to the same image.
In my opinion it's the most powerful and versatile graphics command QB64 has. A huge improvement over GET and PUT from the QuickBASIC days.
Software and cathedrals are much the same — first we build them, then we pray. QB64 Tutorial
I remember _PUTIMAGE from writing. In English class, we wrote essays and my teachers always told me they needed to include Who, What, When, Where, and How. _PUTIMAGE is very similar: Where, what, Which, How.
_PURIMAGE to Where on the screen, from What source screen, to Which destination screen, and How much are we copying?
(08-27-2023, 01:40 AM)bplus Wrote: Why not draw the image JIT that way you can do any color needed and simplify everything!
How are you going to change colors with _PutImage?
Maybe it's limited use color palettes? Quicker to _PUTIMAGE prebuilt resources than it is to create them on the fly. (Especially with hardware images.)
08-27-2023, 01:49 AM (This post was last modified: 08-27-2023, 01:53 AM by grymmjack.
Edit Reason: mnrvovrfc helped with advice, not bplus, used to just thanking bplus lol
)
OK thanks to the advice of @mnrvovrfc, simply using the full syntax for
_PUTIMAGE
fixed the issues I was having with distortion.
I still don't grok why I have to start at a -x offset though..
' F0NT UDT
TYPE F0NT
glyph_width AS INTEGER
glyph_height AS INTEGER
char AS STRING
img AS LONG
END TYPE
DIM STARFIGHTER_FONT(CHARS) AS F0NT
DIM STARFIGHTER_BIG_FONT(CHARS) AS F0NT
' create the glyph images from the glyph data
DIM kolor AS LONG
kolor& = _RGB32(&HFF, &HFF, &HFF)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("S", STARFIGHTER_FONT(0), GD$(0), kolor&)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("T", STARFIGHTER_FONT(1), GD$(1), kolor&)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("A", STARFIGHTER_FONT(2), GD$(2), kolor&)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("R", STARFIGHTER_FONT(3), GD$(3), kolor&)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("F", STARFIGHTER_FONT(4), GD$(4), kolor&)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("I", STARFIGHTER_FONT(5), GD$(5), kolor&)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("G", STARFIGHTER_FONT(6), GD$(6), kolor&)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("H", STARFIGHTER_FONT(7), GD$(7), kolor&)
CALL F0NT.make_glyph("E", STARFIGHTER_FONT(8), GD$(8), kolor&)
' prepare for output
_DEST CANVAS&
COLOR 0, _RGB32(&H00, &H00, &HAA)
CLS
' test 1
DIM AS INTEGER x, y, scale, kerning, spacing
x% = 0 : y% = 1 : scale% = 1 : kerning% = 1 : spacing% = 0
CALL F0NT.print("STARFIGHTER", STARFIGHTER_FONT(), x%, y%, scale%, kerning%, spacing%)
''
' Free the font glyph images from memory
'
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
'
SUB F0NT.free(f() AS F0NT)
DIM AS INTEGER i, lb, ub
lb% = LBOUND(f) : ub% = UBOUND(f)
FOR i% = lb% TO ub%
_FREEIMAGE f(i%).img&
NEXT i%
END SUB
''
' Copies the source font to the dest font
'
' @param F0NT ARRAY sf() source font
' @param F0NT ARRAY df() dest font
'
SUB F0NT.copy(sf() AS F0NT, df() AS F0NT)
DIM AS INTEGER i, lb, ub
lb% = LBOUND(sf) : ub% = UBOUND(sf)
REDIM df(lb% TO ub%) AS F0NT
FOR i% = lb% TO ub%
df(i%).char$ = sf(i%).char$
df(i%).img& = sf(i%).img&
NEXT i%
END SUB
''
' Save glyphs of a font to disk
'
' @param STRING s$ characters to save
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
' @param STRING dest_dir$
'
SUB F0NT.save_glyphs_to_disk(s$, f() AS F0NT)
DIM AS INTEGER i, lb, ub
lb% = LBOUND(f) : ub% = UBOUND(f)
FOR i% = lb% TO ub%
IF f(i%).char$ = CHR$(ASC(s$, i%+1)) THEN
CALL SaveImage(f(i%).img&, f(i%).char$)
END IF
NEXT i%
END SUB
''
' Make a glyph from glyph data and store it in F0NT
'
' @param STRING c$ glyph character identifier
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
' @param STRING ARRAY glyph_data$()
' @param LONG kolor& to make glyphs
'
SUB F0NT.make_glyph(c$, f AS F0NT, glyph_data$, kolor&)
DIM AS INTEGER y, x, p, dbg
DIM s AS STRING
DIM old_dest AS LONG
' dbg% = -1
f.char$ = c$
IF dbg% THEN PRINT c$
f.img& = _NEWIMAGE(COLS, ROWS, BPP2)
old_dest& = _DEST : _DEST f.img&
_CLEARCOLOR _RGB32(&H00, &H00, &H00)
FOR y% = 0 TO ROWS
FOR x% = 0 TO COLS
p% = (y% * COLS) + x% + 1
s$ = MID$(glyph_data$, p%, 1)
IF dbg% THEN
_DEST old_dest& : PRINT s$; : _DEST f.img&
END IF
IF s$ <> "." THEN
CALL PSET((x%, y%), kolor&)
END IF
NEXT x%
IF dbg% THEN
_DEST old_dest& : PRINT : _DEST f.img&
END IF
NEXT y%
IF dbg% THEN SLEEP
_DEST old_dest&
END SUB
''
' Get a glyph image from a F0NT by character identifier
'
' @param STRING c$ character identifier of glyph to get
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
' @return LONG image handle for glyph image of F0NT
'
FUNCTION F0NT.get_glyph&(c$, f() AS F0NT)
DIM AS INTEGER i, lb, ub
lb% = LBOUND(f) : ub% = UBOUND(f)
FOR i% = lb% TO ub%
IF f(i%).char$ = c$ THEN
F0NT.get_glyph& = f(i%).img&
EXIT FUNCTION
END IF
NEXT i%
END FUNCTION
''
' Print something using a F0NT
'
' @param STRING s$ what to print
' @param F0NT ARRAY f()
' @param INTEGER x% position
' @param INTEGER y% position
' @param INTEGER scale% size multiplier
' @param INTEGER kerning% scaling space between characters
' @param INTEGER spacing% spaces between characters
'
SUB F0NT.print(s$, f() AS F0NT, x%, y%, scale%, kerning%, spacing%)
DIM AS INTEGER i, l, dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2, orig_x
DIM c AS STRING
DIM g AS LONG
l% = LEN(s$)
x% = -(x% + ((1 * (COLS + kerning%) * scale%)) + (1 * (spacing% * COLS)))
PSET (x%, y%)
FOR i% = 0 TO l%
c$ = MID$(s$, i%, 1)
g& = F0NT.get_glyph(c$, f())
_SOURCE g&
dx1% = x% + ((i% * (COLS + kerning%) * scale%)) + (i% * (spacing% * COLS))
dy1% = y%
dx2% = (COLS * scale%) + dx1%
dy2% = (ROWS * scale%) + dy1%
_PUTIMAGE (dx1%, dy1%)-(dx2%, dy2%), g&, _DEST, (0, 0)-(COLS, ROWS)
NEXT i%
END SUB
''
' Scales a source F0NT glyphs images and stores into dest F0NT
'
' @param STRING s$ Glyphs to scale
' @param F0NT ARRAY sf() source font
' @param F0NT ARRAY df() dest font
' @param INTEGER scale% multiplier
'
SUB F0NT.scale(s$, sf() AS F0NT, df() AS F0NT, scale%)
DIM AS INTEGER i, lb, ub, dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2
DIM AS LONG sg, dg, old_dest
CALL F0NT.copy(sf(), df())
lb% = LBOUND(sf) : ub% = UBOUND(sf)
old_dest& = _DEST
FOR i% = lb% TO ub%
dx1% = 0
dy1% = 0
dx2% = (COLS * scale%) + dx1%
dy2% = (ROWS * scale%) + dy1%
df(i%).img& = _NEWIMAGE(dx2%, dy2%, BPP2)
_SOURCE sf(i%).img& : _DEST df(i%).img&
_PUTIMAGE (dx1%, dy1%)-(dx2%, dy2%)
NEXT i%
_DEST old_dest&
END SUB
''
' Save image to disk as filename by Galleon
'
' @param LONG image& to save to disk
' @param STRING filename$ to save as
'
SUB SaveImage (image&, filename$)
DIM AS LONG f, c, cv, x, y, py, px, lastsource, bpp, bytesperpixel
DIM AS STRING b, d, ext, padder, r
bytesperpixel& = _PIXELSIZE(image&)
IF bytesperpixel& = 0 THEN PRINT "Text modes unsupported!": EXIT SUB
IF bytesperpixel& = 1 THEN bpp& = 8 ELSE bpp& = 24
x& = _WIDTH(image&)
y& = _HEIGHT(image&)
b$="BM????QB64????"+MKL$(40)+MKL$(x&)+MKL$(y&)+MKI$(1)+MKI$(bpp&)+MKL$(0)+"????"+STRING$(16, 0) 'partial BMP header info(???? to be filled later)
IF bytesperpixel& = 1 THEN
FOR c& = 0 TO 255 ' read BGR color settings from JPG image + 1 byte spacer(CHR$(0))
cv& = _PALETTECOLOR(c&, image&) ' color attribute to read.
b$ = b$ +CHR$(_BLUE32(cv&))+CHR$(_GREEN32(cv&))+CHR$(_RED32(cv&))+CHR$(0) 'spacer byte
NEXT
END IF
MID$(b$, 11, 4) = MKL$(LEN(b$)) ' image pixel data offset(BMP header)
lastsource& = _SOURCE
_SOURCE image&
IF ((x& * 3) MOD 4) THEN padder$ = STRING$(4 - ((x& * 3) MOD 4), 0)
FOR py& = y& - 1 TO 0 STEP -1 ' read JPG image pixel color data
r$ = ""
FOR px& = 0 TO x& - 1
c& = POINT(px&, py&) 'POINT 32 bit values are large LONG values
IF bytesperpixel& = 1 THEN r$ = r$ + CHR$(c&) ELSE r$ = r$ + LEFT$(MKL$(c&), 3)
NEXT px&
d$ = d$ + r$ + padder$
NEXT py&
_SOURCE lastsource&
MID$(b$, 35, 4) = MKL$(LEN(d$)) ' image size(BMP header)
b$ = b$ + d$ ' total file data bytes to create file
MID$(b$, 3, 4) = MKL$(LEN(b$)) ' size of data file(BMP header)
IF LCASE$(RIGHT$(filename$, 4)) <> ".bmp" THEN ext$ = ".bmp"
f& = FREEFILE
OPEN filename$ + ext$ FOR OUTPUT AS #f&: CLOSE #f& ' erases an existing file
OPEN filename$ + ext$ FOR BINARY AS #f&
PUT #f&,,b$
CLOSE #f&
END SUB
FOR i% = 0 TO l% ' <<< Start at 1 not 0, first letter is at 1
c$ = MID$(s$, i%, 1)
For another I'd block spacing out in fitting the letter pixels in the block like one or 2 more spaces in columns and rows, that way letter blocks can go next to each other without another variable calculation like the 8x16 default font does. eg 2 more spaces on right and below letter pixels. I am lost trying to figure out what that kerning thing is.
BTW I don't see a need to spec source for _Putimage, the destination block is sufficient.
*smacks head* It didn't occur to me to space the font data glyphs LOL.
OK the fixed version is posted, but I think still have some issues based on reading replies here.
I can change colors by creating a new font with a new color when I
![[Image: Screen-Shot-2023-08-26-at-9-49-14-PM.png]](https://i.ibb.co/gdHdYwx/Screen-Shot-2023-08-26-at-9-49-14-PM.png)